Shaolin Master Tan Soh Tin
Present Master of the Nam Yang Pugilistic Association
Master Tan was born in Singapore during the Second World War. In
those days much of Singapore was still plantations and swamps.
Master Tan lived in a rural area with no amenities. As a boy, one
of his tasks was to fetch water from the well. He would hold the
buckets out either side of him with straight arms as he climbed the
hill to his house. This was a way of building strength in his arms
and shoulders.
When he first took up training in the martial arts, Master Tan
was eight years old. He learned from his uncle whose name was Teo
Choon Bee.
Master Teo was famous as a bone setter. In those days, of course,
there would not have been modern hospitals in Singapore. Chinese
doctors were often also masters of the martial arts. Master Teo
taught the Tiger-Crane Combination. Most Singaporean Chinese are of
Fukienese descent, so Fukienese arts such as Tiger-Crane are
commonly taught there. Master Teo's classes usually contained about
fifteen students. They would begin by practicing basic moves then
split off to be taught their routines individually. The style of
Tiger-Crane which Master Teo taught was similar to what we practise
now.
Master Tan trained with Master Teo until he was about thirteen
years old, but then stopped his Kung Fu training to concentrate on
his school work. While he was a teenager he liked to go to parties
and ride motorbikes. The scars which you can see on his shins today
came from crashing old British bikes while racing them through the
plantations and the swamps.
After he had left school, Master Tan again wished to concentrate on
Kung Fu training. This time he went to a master named Tan Heng Han.
This master was quite old and Master Tan describes him as having a
"huge belly". Master Tan Heng Han had no club house. In fact he
used to train his students near a chicken coup, the smell of which
was often very strong. He was there all day and students would come
and go as it suited them. They paid a monthly training fee but
would often also bring their master gifts such as tobacco and pigs
trotter cooked in soy sauce - which he particularly enjoyed.
Master Tan Heng Han is said to have been quite rough and
uneducated. In his youth he lived as a rebel and a bandit in China.
These were the days before guns were common in China. Most men
still fought with hand to hand weapons such as swords and spears.
For men for whom killing was a way of life, sound knowledge of
fighting techniques meant the difference between life and death.
This is why our art is so practical and so deadly - because if it
was not, the old masters would not have lived long enough to pass
it on.
At the time when he taught Master Tan, Master Tan Heng Han was
nearing the end of his days. Whilst watching Master Tan do his Sum
Chien, he would sit smoking unfiltered 'roll-ups' until they
crumbled between his fingers. Sometimes he would doze. For all
this, though, he was very strict on the training of the basic
principles of Kung Fu. The style of the Tiger-Crane Combination
which he taught was more rigid than that taught by Master Ang. He
taught the rigid 'thousand pound' stance and squeezed the body very
tight when drawing the arms in. The arms were drawn back very close
to the body. For all this though, his style was very relaxed when
throwing the arms out - making use of the 'springy strength'.
Master Tan Heng Han put great emphasis on the training of the
basics, as embodied by the Sum Chien form. He was a good teacher
and drilled his students very strictly. They practiced mostly the
Sum Chien but also some fixed sparring, arm toughening exercises
and and few fighting moves.
Master Tan trained every evening of the week and also Sunday
mornings. Every session he would do his Sum Chien over and over
again - perhaps about twenty times. His master would correct him
and gradually improve his Sum Chien to higher and higher levels. He
developed the springy strength to a remarkably high degree - not
only in his arms and legs but through his whole body. By constantly
practicing the breathing of the Sum Chien, he developed the
remarkably flexible stomach which is one of his hallmarks today. He
was able to hang from a tree whilst people took it in turns to
punch his stomach. By retracting the stomach and then throwing it
out using his springy strength he was able to send the people
punching him flying backwards. To test Master Tan's development his
master used to tell people to wait until he was not expecting it
then hit him in the stomach. Even when surprised he would still
send them flying. The culminated in an incident when he was
climbing a ladder to put something on a high shelf. A close friend
of his sent a hard punch into his stomach but was sent flying
across the room and hit the wall so hard that he was lucky to
escape serious injury. After this, Master Tan's master never told
people to hit him in the stomach again.
For four years, the only routine which Master Tan was taught was
the Sum Chien. During this time he practiced so diligently that he
achieved a remarkably high level of skill. When his master was
finally satisfied that he had mastered the Sum Chien form, he was
happy to teach him many more routines; in fact he taught them so
fast that Master Tan had a hard job to keep up. In less than two
years, Master Tan was taught all the eleven basic routines of the
Tiger-Crane art, a long staff routine, a tiger fork routine and a
routine with two short iron rods. Eventually his master told him "I
have taught you all I can teach, now it is up to you to practise
and perfect your art - you do not need to come for lessons
anymore".
Master Tan was not satisfied simply to practise what he had already
learned - he still wished to further his study of Kung Fu. He
offered to start a club, teaching in his masters name and also
looked around to find a master who could teach him even more. The
club was quite successful and Master Tan attracted a number of
students. At this time, Master Ang Lian Huat was acknowledged by
all the masters of the Tiger-Crane art in Singapore as being the
highest authority. Master Tan began to study the Shuang Yang Pei Ho
(Sun/Frost White Crane soft art) form of Chi Kung with Master
Ang.
After some time, Master Tan also began to train in the
Tiger-Crane art with Master Ang. He was still running his own club,
but Master Tan Heng Han was not very interested in it. Master Tan,
wishing to further his knowledge of the Tiger-Crane art and feeling
that he was not yet ready to take on the burden of instructing his
own club, asked to be taken as a student of Master Ang. He was
accepted and he told his students to join Nam Yang Pugilistic
Association and follow Master Ang's teachings. Some of them rose to
become instructors of the association.
The style of Tiger-Crane which Master Ang taught is, of course, the
style we learn today. Compared to that taught by Master Tan Heng
Han, it is more subtle and sophisticated; the stance is more
springy and the power is generated more internally. Master Ang was
an expert at the 'touch system' - sticky hands etc.
Master Ang was renowned for his wide knowledge of Kung Fu - he knew
many styles and literally hundreds of routines. He still emphasised
the importance of the basics and of the Sum Chien, however. He
would not teach his students the higher routines until he was
satisfied with their Sum Chien. Even Master Tan, who had already
been recognised as a master, had to go back to practicing the Sum
Chien for four years before Master Ang would teach him further.
Having also spent four years learning the Sum Chien with his
previous master, this meant that Master Tan did a total of eight
years training just on the Sum Chien. This explains his remarkable
standard and why, in his teaching, he puts so much emphasis on the
basics.
Once Master Ang was happy with Master Tan's Sum Chien, he taught
him the whole of the Tiger-Crane style as well as the Shuang Yang
style and many of the Shaolin weapons. In all, Master Tan learned
about fifty routines. When training him, Master Ang would make him
repeat them one after another, including the weapons. This is an
exhausting form of training! Master Tan was famous for his lethal
kicks. He is unbelievably flexible which enables him to kick very
high, although he always recommends not to use high kicks when
fighting - they are too risky.
When he was thirty-three years old, Master Tan entered the
Singaporean Kung Fu Championships. He had no competition experience
and was unsure what to expect. He found himself fighting with a
head/face guard which blocked his view against an experienced
competition fighter who did not get close to him but kept picking
off points. He often tells the tale of how he was waiting to land
one good shot. Near the end of the fight, the chance presented
itself and he applied one of his famous kicks to his opponents tan
tien. Master Tan was disqualified for injuring his opponent - who
had to be carried off the mat and rushed to hospital. The moral of
this story is that the real winner of a fight is not necessarily
the one who wins a medal but the one who goes home unscathed.
Master Tan performed in many demonstrations and became a very well
respected martial artist in Singapore. In time, he became accepted
as Master Ang's senior student. He was (and still is) the secretary
of Nam Yang Pugilistic Association and during Master Ang's lifetime
turned down instructorship so that he could concentrate on the
administration of the club.